Riverview Hospital -- Brookside-Leeside-Roadside --
Centre Lawn
Colony Farm -- Crease Clinic --
East Lawn --
Essondale Hospital --
Finnie's Garden
Henry Esson Young -- Hillside unit --
Home for the Aged-Valleyview
North Lawn --
Pennington Hall -- TreeFest --
West LawnOccupational Therapy ---- Recreation Therapy
Short chronological history of juvenile detention facilities in the, southwest corner of the Province; with emphasis on the BICSO era; 1922-1955. Boys Industrial School of Coquitlam (BISCO)
Started as the, Boy's Industrial Training School, in 1922 to near the end of 1954.
1857-1910
1857: Act for the establishment of prisons for young offenders.
1860: New Westminster Gaol - closed in 1886. First warden Capt.John Pritchard.
1871-1976: When the death penalty was abolished, 139 persons had been hung. Archie McLean, was the youngest to be executed at only seventeen years of age in New Westminster on January 31,1881.
1890: Reformatory Act.
1890-1: The Province's first Juvenile Reformatory for boys was established in Victoria. Juveniles now kept separate from adult prisoners. First warden was J.Finlayson.
1905, Feb, l: The first for boys was in Vancouver; at this time the name was changed from Reformatory to Industrial school. Named the Provincial Industrial School for boys,(B.I.S.) at Jericho Beach, Vancouver opened Feb,1,1905. Fourteen juveniles by October 31. Daniel Donaldson, Vancouver clothier and a board member of the Children’s Aid Society, appointed the first superintendent. Instructor: A.W.Jones. Cook: J.Inglis. The "Mark" system imposed in 1906
1908: Federal; Juvenile Delinquents Act; establishing juvenile courts. The Juvenile Courts Act, was also passed.
1909 Formal name change from Reformatory to Boys Industrial School,(B.I.S.). Government found out it could not prosecute those who harbored escapees, unless changed.
1910-1920
1910: As a result of an error that failed to give Vancouver juvenile court, jurisdiction for Criminal Code offences, the Juvenile Delinquents Act, was proclaimed again for Vancouver.
1911 Industrial Home for Girls Act. Donaldson had the inmates dig a 200 foot long trench,12-15 feet deep, for replacement of a sewer line: " The excavating...meant a great deal of hard work for the boys, but the practical experience received by the half-dozen boys who did the work...will be useful to them later on. " One of the reasons Donaldson cited for escape attempts was “The terrible craving that comes over them for tobacco, as with very few exceptions the boys that enter the school are confirmed cigarette fiends, and the intense longing for a smoke is such that they are prepared to run all kinds of risks in order to gratify the appetite."
1912: Oakalla prison farm opens. First warden; W.G.McMynn. At first 25 prisoners in work gangs, cleared the site; building completed in 1914. Designed for fifty women,(first in BC) and 150 men; Women’s unit built in 1950. Youth Unit built in 1951. Two more buildings by 1954. Population at times soared up to 1,200, designed for only 900.
1914: Industrial School for Girls ;( Vancouver), opens on a seven-acre site at 800 Cassiar St.. First superintendent ;(H.W.?)J.H.Collier; Matron:I.Collier(Amelia Collier?). Space was provided for gardening and outdoor exercise in a home-like atmosphere.
1918 Bread and water diet abolished.
1919 45.45% of the boys, were considered to be in the moron or imbecile class. "Report of the grand jury, 1919." Spanish influenza epidemic, 78 of 99 boys contracted the disease. The girls’ reformatory has no cases.
1920-1930
1920 Donaldson abruptly dismissed in January. 500 children have passed through during his tenure. He is replaced by a trained child welfare worker, who immediately depersonalized the position. During WWI 70% volunteered.
1920-1922: Industrial school relocated to the Essondale site.
The early history of BISCO
1922 "Boy's Industrial Training School" for juvenile delinquents is opened to the north of the Riverview site.
The Provincial Industrial School for Boys
Consisted originally of five Tudor-revival style cottages, the Provincial Industrial School for Boys was constructed on the site in 1920-21, as a school for "incorrigible youth", with the first annual report issued in 1923. The school was the successor to the provincial juvenile reformatory system established in 1890 with a mandate to guide the education, industrial training and moral rehabilitation of boys sentenced to confinement by law. It can be said that there was likely both happy and sad incidents at the school, although anecdotally it appears to have been better place to be than on the street or in jail.
Likely sited here because of its relative isolation, the impact of the Boy's School on the Northeast Sector was immense. The school also took advantage of medical or psychiatric therapy available through Essondale hospital, and the boys were full participants, along with patients and staff, in the social and recreations activities that took place on the site. There was a policy in place in which doctors from Essondale alternated in caring for the boys at the Industrial School.
In 1957 a portion of the BISCO lands were used to create the, Essondale cemetery: Oral sources indicate that the cemetery was created for patients only; while primarily used for patients who had died without family or means for outside burial, there were families who specifically requested that the patient be buried in the cemetery.
The Legacy of the Boy's Industrial School
The Department of Public Works was responsible for the initiation of all of the capital projects at the Boy's School, and which worked closely with the administration in having boys at the school participate in a number of building projects on the site. The majority of the projects on the school grounds were completed by inmates at the school under the supervision of the Department of Lands and Works. The scope and nature of these projects can be found in the Appendix.
The buildings for the Industrial School were designed by architect Henry Whittaker,(1886-1971) as the province's chief architect through the Provincial Department of Public Works. In a system that evolved under Whittaker after the end of the First World War, architects were employed by the Department and prepared plans for government buildings such as schools, hospitals, courthouses and jails. The Department produced specialized plans for individual buildings, but also prepared standardized plans that could be adapted to different places and conditions.
The cottage buildings were described as "well lighted and well ventilated dormitories", and were surrounded by stone walls and ornamental landscaping.
The following is a description of the school buildings in 1927:
Location - We are situated on the Dewdney Trunk Road, one mile from Port Coquitlam, and reached by British Columbia Motor Transportation.
The Buildings
Buildings - These consisted of three cottages, administration building, kitchen block, auditorium, barn and poultry buildings, and temporary workshops, and are used as follows:
Tudor revival style, with brick foundations and trim. Roughcast stucco cladding, with prominent hip rooves. Stucco and half-timbering on the second floors. Window sash replaced by aluminum windows in some areas of cottages 1,2 and 3.
Cottage No. 1 (ca.1921) BCBC# 22251 Orchid Drive.
Has three dormitories holding thirteen beds each, with a dressing-room and lavatories attached, a large reading and rest room, one section of private rooms for star boys, staff quarters, assembly rooms in basement, and one room for refractory boys. All newcomers over 16 years of age were placed in this cottage upon their admittance. Last used as a Light urban search & rescue training centre. Unused at present. 862.90sq./M floor area.
Cottage No. 2 (ca.1922) BCBC# 22269 Rose Way
Has three dormitories holding thirteen beds each, with a dressing-room and lavatories attached, reading and rest rooms, staff quarters, assembly rooms in basement. This cottage is set aside exclusively for the younger boys, who must attend school all day and who are kept apart from the boys in the other cottages. Unused at present. 1061.31sq./M floor area.
Cottage No. 3 (ca.1922) BCBC# 22277 Holly Drive.
Identical in construction to No. 1 and 2 but one dormitory is used as a hospital ward and one assembly room as an isolation ward. This cottage is used by boys who have proven themselves worthy of a little better consideration, and who are attached to some vocational class or are members of the School Band. Unused at present. 1061.31sq./M floor area.
Administration Building, Valleyview Lodge( ca.1920-1922) Converted in 1936 to Valleyview Home for the Aged BCBC #22327 Iris Crescent
Consists of Superintendent and staff quarters, offices, surgery, visitor's rooms, store rooms.
Cornerstone laid on September 30, 1920 by J.W.DeB.Farris, K.C. Attorney general of B.C. One basement window has steel bars;("The Hole"?). Valleyview lodge still has the original multi-panned, double hung wooden window sash.727.72sq./M floor area. Unused at present.
Cottage 110 Chief Stewards residence Bisco (ca.1922) BCBC# B21915 Holly drive.
Today it is used by the Personal Independence Program,(PIP).
Two-storey stucco-faced symmetrically massed, with offset entry porch, multi-paned windows. Hip roof.
Nearly all of the other buildings have been destroyed.
Kitchen and Dining Room Block consists of kitchen and "Store room, four dining rooms, dental, first aid and band rooms, tailoring department, shoemaking shops and several small rooms used for stores.
Auditorium Building consists of a large auditorium seating 300, two classrooms, room set apart for religious worship, swimming tank and gymnasium.
Workshops (temporary) consist of carpenters, plumbing, electrical and blacksmith departments.
Farm buildings consist of a dairy barn, silo, feed rooms, bull pens, horse barn, piggery and poultry houses.
The Hillside building site held the Industrial School vocational building in 1933, and a dormitory in 1937; the current building was constructed in 1964-66 specifically to house life skills training for Essondale, where patients were instructed in basic day-to-day skills such as cooking, taking a bus and paying bills. The craftsman style ambulance station is listed as being a residence, and the cemetery building was constructed to support the cemetery functions.
All BISCO building are rated to have heritage significance.
The three modern Valleyview buildings, constructed in 1955-59 reflect the hospital's later use of the site, as does the chapel/auditorium building built at the same time.
The 1930 annual report of the Boy's School notes:
Above all things, we love our gardens, because of the encouraging influence they have upon our boys and the value of the lessons nature teaches through flowers.
The school had an active farming component, generally located towards the northwest of the site and adjacent and above the playing fields. The farm consisted of five departments: Dairying; piggery; general farming and kitchen gardens; land clearing, teaming, hauling and road work; and poultry ranching. Milk, beef, veal, pork, eggs and chickens were furnished to the school kitchen. In some years, eggs were shipped to other provincial institutions such as the Tranquille Sanatorium, the Provincial Home in Kamloops, Essondale Mental Hospital and the New Westminster Hospital, as well as to relief camps. The general farming and kitchen gardens produced a number of vegetables as well as silage and hay for the livestock (see Appendix for data on produce grown on the farm).
In 1935 the Provincial Home for the Aged Act was passed and the Industrial School cottages were upgraded and handed over to the Home for the Aged in May of 1936. The Boy's School was moved to the building formerly designated as the Trades Building which was completed for the purpose. The former staff quarters building, first built as a classroom, was finished as quarters for the female members of the staff.
Coinciding with this, the School underwent a change in policy in 1935, which emphasized the role of the institution as a school, rather than as a penal institution as it was currently defined in the Provincial Statutes. The outside work program was curtailed to the point where it was used as an instructional device, rather than overwhelming drudgery, leaving more time for courses and vocational learning. In 1946,160 acres of land in Wellington, near Nanaimo on Vancouver Island, was acquired for the establishment of a new industrial school, which prepared to move from Coquitlam to its new surroundings.
Of the five units taken over by the Home for the Aged, three were used for patient occupancy, and one as a kitchen unit. The final cottage was used as a nurse's residence and administration unit, commonly known as the Tea House and currently the Valleyview Lodge. These buildings formed the nucleus for future building for the aged during the 1940s when the three Valleyview buildings were constructed. The largest, and last, major building built for patient use was the Valleyview Pavilion, also referred to as Valleyview 300. It was opened in 1959 and has always been used exclusively for geriatric patients.
Impacts of the construction and continued development of the Boy's School on the site were considerable, much of it "...slashing and clearing on the hillside in preparation for ploughing" as noted in the 1922 annual report of the school.
Historical air photos show the extent of this clearing which was carried out almost on a yearly basis until the 1930s. Air photos from 1930, 1938 and 1946 show major clearing above the school in 1930, and a gradual regeneration of the forest until 1946. The digging of numerous ditches to provide drainage and thus arable land also had an impact on the natural environment of the site. The major ditch that runs north-south and around the area that eventually became the cemetery, seen on the 1927 plan, is discernible in the 1946 air photo. Parts of this ditch still remain on the site.
Building development on the site began with the cluster of five cottages and the roadway circulation in 1920-21. Development continued with the construction of the playing fields and placing of playground equipment in 1923, the location of which is noted on the attached plan. In 1925, excavation was completed for the new auditorium; in 1930 the new school room was built. Both of these buildings were located in a second major development area, to the south of the cottages.
Planting of vegetation on the site was a continuous activity from the early 1920s until 1936 when the lands were ceded to the Home for the Aged. The curved road from the northeast corner and its associated tree planting was completed in 1934. This road and its trees is one of the major features remaining on the site. In 1936, reporting shifted from one overall reporter to each department submitting their own reports, focusing more on the educational aspects of their activities rather than on capital construction. Changes in 1936 coincide with the takeover of five of the buildings, and the farm, by the Home for the Aged. After the transfer of school lands and buildings to the Home for the Aged in 1936, the Boy's School lands consisted of approximately 3.38 acres, and the Home 203.32 acres.
Agricultural Legacy
While the focus of agricultural production was centered at the Colony Farm site, the Essondale hospital grounds were home to a number of agricultural activities as well. The Annual Reports give detailed lists of the type and quantity of agricultural products that were produced on the Essondale part of the site.
The focus of production was located in the centre of the site, between the nurse's home and the Boy's Industrial School, and below the cottages, encompassing much of the area occupied today by the North Lawn building and grounds. This area was devoted to vegetables and nursery stock, while a piggery was located up the hill above the Female Chronic Block. The Boy's School was equally involved in intensive cultivation of both produce and stock, with extensive chicken and dairy production located on the slopes above the sports grounds.
The nursery was equally productive, shipping trees and shrubs to numerous public schools, hospitals and government agents.
The largest orchard on the site was located at the south end of the hospital grounds, as an adjunct to Colony Farm. Clearing for an orchard just above the railway tracks, but still on the lowlands of Colony Farm, had commenced during the work at Colony Farm.
The area immediately above the CPR, which we are now clearing, will make a splendid site for orchard purposes.
1921 Superintendents report of 1921; five very comfortable cottages completed for employees. Mr.Fitzgerald and Mr.Lonsdale, along with other mechanical employees built the cottages, for the Subnormal boy’s school. (Possibly cottages 111, 112, 113,??,??.
1923
Grading - Boys coming to the school first are usually put on this kind of work that is, providing they are above school age - in order to enable them to get the benefit of fresh air and to be built up.
Work completed during the year:
Leveling the parade and football grounds
Erection of playground equipment consisting of parallel bars, giant-stride swings
Building a retaining wall
Layout of the grounds, gardens, etc.
Shrubberies around the bandstand
Slashing and clearing on the hillside preparatory to plowing
Coquitlam Star: Aug, 10 BISCO D.B.Brankin,supt.; Sept, 21 Escapee from BISCO is found on Bowen Island.; November 11: WWI Cenotaph unveiled across from Aggie hall (now demolished) in the today’s, Minnie McMitchell Park.The cenotaph was moved to Port Coquitlam City hall grounds many years later. Roy Leigh; Mrs Lovell sr. and others met at Bob Gillespies house to collect monies to build the cenotaph. The Boys Industrial School band, under R.C.Ayling opened the unveiling with "0 Canada". The cenotaph was relocated in 1968 beside Port Coquitlam, city hall on Shaughnessy Street.
1924
Garage - Roads in poor condition during the year.
Work completed during the year
Laying down of a water main to the new cottage erected for the farmer, a distance of 325 yards, and to the new poultry house on the hill, a distance of approximately 850 feet
Considerable grading carried out around the playfields
Several hundred trees and shrubs planted
Laying curbs around the roads leading to, the kitchen and administration blocks (under the direction of the Public Works Department)
1925
Public Works - During the year considerable improvements have been made around the grounds by the Public Works Department, amongst them being the installation of a road-lighting system, interior decorating of No. 2 cottage, new curbing, and providing plans for the new swimming tank and gymnasium.
Work completed during the year:
Hundreds of yards of drain dug
Work on the sports fields
Erection of fences around pasture-fields and poultry runs
Excavation of the new auditorium
Building of roads and parks to auditorium
Curbs and general improvements around the buildings (under the direction of the Public Works Department)
Coquitlam Star: May, 14 BISCO to have swimming pool, the boys are pouring concrete with contractor Wingrove. Messrs.D.R.Stewart and J.R.McKenzie supervising.; May, 21 David B.Brankin;superintendent;BISCO, buys himself a Oakland Six coach. {Wonder how long until, it was stolen!. } [ David Blackwood Brankin d.Nelson, dec.,8,1961 ]; Sept, 17 BISCO boys give a good showing of cattle at fair.; Dec, 10 BISCO Jerseys show well.
1926
Grading and General Work - In this section new-comers over the age of 15 are kept for at least thirty days, also boys who become difficult to handle during the year.
Work completed during the year:
Hundreds of yards of cedar drains put in to carry surface water
Making of new roads
Grading of banks
Excavation for a swimming tank 90 x 45
Mixing by hand of all concrete used on the tank
Leveling of the earth taken from the tank and turning same into a tennis court
Removing 2,000 yards of hard pan from sports field
Considerable bush clearing
Over 700 trees and shrubs were planted around the grounds and on the banks necessitating a number of trips to the Essondale Nurseries, hauling manure and digging holes
Five acres of land cleared of stumps fallen logs and rocks
Hauling from the river bed [Coquitlam River] 370 loads of gravel for swimming tank and roads
Coquitlam Star: Apr, 29 D.B.Brankin,supt. of BISCO.
1927
Work completed during the year:
Fitting up of an old Ford engine to drive a circular saw to cut cordwood
Ploughing and grading lawns in front of cottages
Hauling rock and soil for grading
New road to barn
Tree and shrub planting
500 shrubs and trees (new)
150 shrubs and trees (replanted)
122 fruit trees (new)
450 currant bushes (transferred to new location)
516 raspberry canes (transferred to new location)
426 raspberry canes (planted in nursery for future use)
1928
Work completed during the year:
Considerable land-clearing and lawn-making, in addition to the ordinary farm work and clearing fields of stones and stumps
1929
Bird Houses - During the year we received from the Vancouver Exhibition Association, through the secretary, Mr., J. K. Matheson, a gift of Australian lovebirds, zebras and canaries, which was very acceptable and much appreciated by the boys of Biscoq.
Work completed during the year:
Considerable land clearing and lawn making
Clearing, grading and hauling of rocks for implement shed
244 loads of gravel from the river for roads and cement work
Construction of new lawns in front of Administration Building, new entrances and sidewalks leading up from road, a beautiful fountain, concrete, greenhouse, new roads behind poultry-house, a number of new drains, and several other improvements around playing fields by the Cement and General Work Gangs
Flower gardens extended and considerably improved; no doubt will be a pleasure this year.
1930-1940
1930
Flower Gardens - In spite of the backwardness of the season, the gardens at Biscoq last year were better than ever. The pansy section of over 3,000 roots made a very attractive picture. The roses also were exceptionally nice, and the same may be said of the gladiolas, rockeries and shady nooks.
Work completed during the year:
Completion and grading west section of front lawn, replacing old dead shrubs and trees, making new flower beds and shrubbery.
Completion of excavation, concrete and plastering work of the new school room, septic tank and chimney. Excavating, grading, putting in new piers and sinks for the new poultry-houses and
Excavating basement for building 60 x 30 feet, excavating and putting in a new basement under the carpenter shop, 30 x 18 feet
Excavating and doing all cement for building to be used for fire apparatus
270 feet of cedar culvert drains
Grading and gravelling roads
1931
Work completed during the year:
Numerous minor repairs to buildings, regrading and repairing old roads, making new road. Digging ditches, and extending playgrounds, all carried out in conjunction with the Public Works Department
1931 John Howard Society established, executive-secretary Rev.J.D.Hobden.
1932
Work completed during the year:
Grading for lawns, new roads, putting drains and culverts and repairing old roads
Concrete walls and footings for the new Vocational Building
Made 4,000 cement bricks
Built a rock wall four feet high and 25 feet long on the farm
1933
Work completed during the year:
New fences, archways, bridges and various flower boxes and stands were built for the gardens and two very pretty Japanese bridges were designed and constructed for the Ravine, all by the Carpentering Department
New garden beds, rockeries, terraces were made
A new rock wall built in the Ravine
Brick piers made for the Vocational Building, also the cement floor and walls
1934
Work completed during the year:
Built a new road up to the farm, fencing it and planting trees and shrubs on either side. A new rock wall was completed and several chimneys rebuilt
The chimney was replaced on the Trades building, for which we made cement bricks
New lawns, tree and shrub pruning, flower gardens and greenhouses given daily attention
1935
Work completed during the year:
Routine work of raising flowers and vegetables from seed in the greenhouse, pruning trees, caring for flower beds and assisting with work on the lawn
Much of the space once taken up with flowers was cultivated and planted in vegetables
Two of the four lower chicken runs were converted in vegetable gardens and the rock borders were removed to facilitate weeding and cultivating
Repair work on drains, stairs, walls and curbs
Foundation and floor for new garage
Coquitlam Star: Feb, 18 Francis Cecil Boyes,(b.1894, cert. - marriage cert. - d.1968, cert.)principal BISCO, to speak to the men’s club of the central Presbyterian church, with the lecture subject being.... “The Lad and his Dad ". ;
Aug, 29 R.Sharpe of Pitt Meadows, reports beehive missing, the empty hive was found empty at BISCO.
1936 A committee advises a Borstal system for ages 16-23.
1936 The "Boy's Industrial School" is converted to the "Essondale Home for the Aged" later Valleyview hospital.
1937
Work completed during the year:
Instruction by the gardener in the cultivation of flowers and vegetables in the greenhouse; the results were more than satisfactory. New Haven,(Borstal) opens on southeast side of Marine drive in Burnaby. Nineteen inmates; two staff.; Superintendent:A.McLead and office and educational secretary E.G.B.(Ernie)Stevens. Up to 1939 was known as the B.C.Training School. New Haven's name came from a CKNW radio contest. Closed in March,1942 after four years of operation. Re-opened in November,1947 as a training centre for young adult offenders. First warden;Selwyn Rocksborough-Smith.
1938
Work completed during the year:
Greenhouses and gardens;
Keen interest in the various methods of cultivation of flowers and vegetables
An increase in farm produce over the last year, in spite of decreased area under cultivation can be explained by the fact that fertilizer was used lavishly and hoeing and weeding kept pace with the growth
1939
Work completed during the year:
More emphasis has been placed on the garden this year. We are endeavoring to produce as many vegetables as possible in the hope that we may eventually reach a state of self-maintenance
We have had a very interested group of lads in the garden and they have taken an exceptional pride in their contribution to the School
Coquitlam Star, Jan 19, edition reports that, George Graham's car stolen from schoolhouse road was located four miles east of Spuzzum wrecked, two boys from BISCO responsible, two others found in Boston Bar.
1939: Elizabeth Fry Society created. Canada had to wait until the next year for theirs.
1940-1950
1940
Work completed during the year: Greenhouses and gardens:
The garden supply of vegetables carried us well through the year. Credit for the work must go to the boys for their exceptionally keen interest in carrying out the program arranged. Cultivation weeding and thinning are always monotonous chores, but the destruction of weeds and the increased production are incentives to carry on
On wet days our work in the greenhouse, especially preparing our fall display of chrysanthemums, occupied our time. There were 142 pots of beautiful blooms which required a lot of attention
1941
Work completed during the year:
Our seeding season came off unexpectedly early, which is rather unusual for this part of British Columbia, making it necessary to rush our work at top speed
A larger area is being devoted to truck gardening66 with special emphasis on the vegetables required to make up a balanced diet
The harvest last fall turned out very well with a noticeable increase over the previous year
A variety of flowering and foliage plants brightened up the greenhouse during the winter months
A very attractive addition was made to our flowering shrubs by the purchase of a hundred roses of some dozen varieties which are doing very well
Some boulevard work was done last year and seeded to grass
Coquitlam Star, Nov, 13, edition reports that a three-storey building was being built by, Ward & Son, of New Westminster for $22,240. Kitchen on ground floor, dormitory on third floor.
1942
Work completed during the year:
Alterations to the vegetable storage building which cut down to a great extent the losses we were having in previous years
More land has been put to use for potatoes
This department would be noticeably improved if we could have some form of power cultivator as our population the past few years has been, on the average, composed of younger boys and they lack the strength to handle the work
Installation of steam heat from Essondale into the greenhouse, doing away with harmful coal fumes
1943 Port Coquitlam Population 2254 George Ross Principal of Bisco
1945-46 - Construction of Valleyview 6 and Valleyview 8.
1946 B.C.Probation act.,passed
1948: Industrial School for Boys Act, passed. Industrial School for Girls Act, passed.
1949: New Haven Act, passed.
1950-1960
1952 Feb, l ; March,? ; April, 18 ; Sept,19 Bisco problems
1953 Jan, 30; May, 1 Bisco problems
1954: Brannan Lake Industrial School; Brannan Lake School for Boys, opens. Ran by the superintendent of child welfare, until 1969. Closed in 1983 and converted to Nanaimo Correctional Centre (NCC).
1955 Coquitlam Star Mar, 4 BISCO staff moving to Brannan lake.; Mar, 25 BISCO moved to Brannan Lake. In one month last summer eighty escaped. Thought to be responsible for twenty-five percent of the burglaries and breakins. Four to five broke out every week. Police expect a fifty percent drop in the local crime rate; Nanaimo now has the problem. ; May, 20 BISCO buildings to possibly replace the May,5 half-million dollar, uninsured building fire loss.
1960's: Corrections in BC;page 105; " It became apparent that the Family and Children's Court desperately needed extra resources in a more open setting for juveniles. Although a number of facilities were available to adult offenders, there were few alternatives for juveniles, which made up most of a probation officer's caseload. Many juveniles were placed in local lockups, sent to Riverview, incarcerated at severely overcrowded Brannan Lake, or transferred to adult court and placed in one of the young adult offender facilities. "
1963: Training Schools Act, passed.
1955-59 - Construction of the Valleyview Building
1957 - Construction of the Cemetery.
Appendix
Representative List of Crops Grown at the Boy's Industrial School
Parsnips, Parsley, Potatoes, Green peas, Onions, Broad beans, Radishes, Lettuce, Corn, Beets, Cabbage, Cucumbers, Carrots, Curly kale, Leeks, Bush beans, Tomatoes, Vegetable marrow, Chives, Swiss Chard, String beans, Squash, Cauliflower, Pumpkin, Rhubarb, Turnips, Gooseberries, Red currants, Raspberries
Timothy hay grown on farm, Oats grown on farm, Green oats for silo, Corn and sunflowers for silo
Oats grown on farm, Ensilage, Mangolds, White carrots, Manure, Wood
Tree Fruit Varieties Commercially Available 1920-1940;
Apples: Alexander, Bismark, Yellow Transparent, Beauty of Bath, Red Astrachan, Duchess of Oldenburg, Graven stein, Baldwin, Delicious, Fameuse (Snow), Grimes Golden, Jonathan, King, Mclntosh Red, Newton Pippin, Northern Spy, Russet, Spitzenburg, Wagner, Winesap, Wealthy, Winter Banana
Apricots: Blenheim & Moorpark
Crabapple: Hysiop
Bibliography
Annual Reports, Public Hospital for the Insane.
BCArchives: GR-0491 Provincial Industrial School for Boys records 1919-1978
BCSP Annual reports of the lands and works department.
Coquitlam Herald
Coquitlam Star
"Our history in a nutshell" BY: David J.Davies.
Corrections in British Columbia: Pre-Confederation to the Millenium.(2003)
Conflict,Care and Control: The history of the British Columbia Corrections Branch,1848-1988.
May I Talk to John Howard? The story of J.D.Hobden-A Friend to prisoners.
Schooling and society in 20th century British Columbia.
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